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Bunions

A bunion is a bony bump that forms at the base of the big toe, where the toe joins the foot. Over time, the big toe may bend toward the second toe, causing the bump to protrude. While bunions are common and often genetic, they can also develop as a result of wearing ill-fitting shoes, particularly those with narrow toe boxes or high heels. This condition can cause pain, swelling, and difficulty finding comfortable shoes, making it more than just a cosmetic concern.

What Causes Bunions?

Bunions are primarily caused by an imbalance in the forces exerted on the foot. Over time, the bones in the front of the foot shift, causing the big toe to lean inward toward the second toe. Several factors can contribute to the development of bunions, including:

  • Genetics: Bunions tend to run in families, meaning if your parents or grandparents had bunions, you're more likely to develop them.
  • Foot structure: Certain foot shapes, like flat feet or low arches, can make you more prone to bunions.
  • Footwear: Wearing shoes that are too tight, pointy, or have high heels can put excess pressure on the toes and contribute to bunion formation.
  • Injury: Previous foot injuries or arthritis can also lead to bunions.

Symptoms of Bunions

The most obvious symptom of a bunion is the appearance of a bony bump at the base of the big toe. Other common symptoms include:

  • Pain and tenderness: The area around the bunion may become painful, especially after prolonged standing or walking.
  • Swelling and redness: The bump can become inflamed, especially if shoes are rubbing against it.
  • Difficulty with footwear: Shoes that once fit comfortably may become too tight, and wearing high heels or narrow shoes may exacerbate the problem.
  • Limited motion in the big toe: In severe cases, the big toe may lose its range of motion, making it harder to move or bend.

Treatment Options for Bunions

Treatment for bunions depends on the severity of the condition and the level of discomfort. In mild cases, conservative treatments may be effective, including:

  • Wearing proper footwear: Opt for shoes with a wide toe box and good arch support to reduce pressure on the bunion.
  • Padding and orthotics: Over-the-counter bunion pads or custom orthotics can help cushion the bump and provide better alignment.
  • Ice and anti-inflammatory medications: Applying ice and using NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) can reduce swelling and alleviate pain.
  • Physical therapy: Exercises to stretch and strengthen the foot can help improve mobility and reduce discomfort.
  • Injections: Steroid injections may be used to decrease inflammation improvement movement at the toe joint. PRP injections are occasionally used to decrease chronic inflammation and reduce pain. 
  • Surgery: Traditional Surgery or Minimally invasive surgery can be used to straighten out the joint further prevent arthritis in progressive bunion


Make an Appointment for bunion evaluation